Eastern Tatar language WORK IN PROGRESS

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Eastern Тatar (et. Жьданқршдьгьн Татарща, pronounce jәdanqursdәghәn tatarsha, /'ʒәdankursdəɣən 'tatarʃa/) is an official language of Eastern Tatarstan. It is also spoken in parts of Russia, China and Turkmenistan, and there is 135 106 127 native speakers world wide as estimated by the State office of information and statistics Ebish. Eastern Tatar is an agglutinative language and it is the only language belonging to the Uralo-Tungusic language family.

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Writing system
Eastern Tatar uses the Cyrillic script, having one symbol for each morpheme except /ɣ/ and /q/.

Alphabet

А а /a/
Я я /ja/
Ә ә /æ/
Ь ь /ә/
Б б /b/
Ц ц /ts/
Ч ч /tʃ/
Д д /d/
Є є /ε/
Е е /jε/
Ф ф /f/
Г г /g/; /ɣ/
Һ һ /ɦ/
Х х /х/
И и /i/
Й й /ji/
І і /j/
К к /k/; /q/
Қ қ /ku/
Л л /l/
М м /m/
Н н /n/
Ң ң /ŋ/
О о /o/
Ё ё /jo/
Ө ө /œ/
П п /p/
Р р /r/
Ш ш /s/
Щ щ /ʃ/
Т т /t/
Ү ү /u/
Ю ю /ju/
Ұ ұ /y/
У у /w/
В в /v/
З з /z/
Ж ж /ʒ/

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Grammar
Agglutinative suffixes:

Noun cases:

Nominative -
Genitive -ат/-əт
Possesive -ньн/-нен
Dative -нан/-нəн
Distributive -на/-нə
Accusative -ау/-эу
Locative -да/-дə
Prepositional case -ан/-əн
Instrumental -льр/-лэр
Ornative -каібьт/-кəібьт
Essive -льрь/-лэрэ
Translative -кат/-кəт
Temporal -дь/-дэ
Distributive-Temporal -нүз/-нұз
Similative -кал/-кэл
Instructive -кьз/-кэз
Benefactive -дьр/-дэр
Causal -дар/-дəр

Modal suffixes

Want -тьль/-тэлэ
Be allowed to -бьль/-бэлэ
Be able to -бьльм/-бэлэм
Have to -жьт/-жэт
Should -кьрьк/-кэрэк
Need -жань/-жəнэ
Can -дьһьн/-дөгөн
Must -мьңь/-мэңэ

Postpositions

Without* -дьк/-дэк
From* -дан/-дəн
To* -ьм/-эм
By/at -жьн/-жэн
Out of* -ьт/-эт
In the middle of -ортальк/-өртəлэк
Amidst -жьнортальк/-жэнөртəлэк
According to* -ёрлара/-іөрлəрə
Lower than -томьнрь/-төмэнрэ
Including* -ам/-əм
Including* -жьлшана/-жэлшəнə
Against -карьш/-кəрэш
Opposite to -түкарьш/-тұкəрэш
Opposite to -аіналакарьш
Towards/to* -кара/-кəрə
Despite* -таңа/-тəңə
Through/during* -шьз/-шэз
Throughout -түшьз/-тұшэз
For* -һан/-һəн
On -тү/-тұ
Above -түш/-тұш
Over -бькрь/-бэкрэ
Between -араш/-əрəш
In-between -багараш/-бəгəрəш
Under -тьн/-тэн
About*/against* -аінала
Inside of -жьль/-жэлэ
Next to -ша/-шə
Besides (e.g. he stood besides her) -баша/-бəшə
Besides* (e.g. besides that,...) -тьщ/-тэщ
After*/atop* (the latter only used with motion) -ба/-бə
With* -һа/-һə
Within -ьщь/-эщэ
Accompanied by* -һар/-һəр
Behind -шьн/-шэн
Behind -башьн/-бəшэн
Before/in front of -бьт/-бэт
In the forefront of -бабьт/-бəбэт
Around -аіналаша
Except* -кошпага/-көшпəгə
All around -түгаіналаша
Rather than* -түгорьн/-тұгөрэн

All postpositions except those marked with * can be further combined with -ьм or -дан in order to turn them into postpositions describing movement, change or translation.
E.g. калагаіналашагьм - towards/into the surroundings of the town

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See also

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References

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Credits